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Ethernet

TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3 Ethernet was originally developed by Xerox from an earlier specification called Alohanet (for the Palo Alto Research Center Aloha network) and then developed further by Xerox, DEC, and Intel. An Ethernet LAN typically uses coaxial cable or special grades of twisted pair wires. Ethernet is also used in wireless LAN’s. The most commonly installed Ethernet systems are called 10BASE-T and provide transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps. Devices are connected to the cable and compete for access using a Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) protocol.
 
Fast Ethernet or 100BASE-T provides transmission speeds up to 100 megabits per second and is typically used for LAN backbone systems, supporting workstations with 10BASE-T cards. Gigabit Ethernet provides an even higher level of backbone support at 1000 megabits per second (1 gigabit or 1 billion bits per second). 10-Gigabit Ethernet provides up to 10 billion bits per second.
 

PRODUCT SOLUTIONS

·         Routers/Switches

·         Cabling

·         PON

·         DSL

·         Repeaters

·         Active Ethernet

·         DS3/E3

·         Microwave

·         NID’s

·         Sonet/SDH

·         T1/E1

·         LTE
 

APPLICATIONS
 

Ethernet Over Active Fiber

·         Longest Distance – Up to 140 Km with no bandwidth loss

·         Highest Bandwidth Capacity – Up to 100 Mbps, 1 Gigabit, 10 Gigabit, 40 Gigabit, and more

·         Security – Physically secure medium with no EMF emission; nearly impossible to tap lines

·         Scalability – High capacity enables rate limiting tiered services

·         Reliability – Protection with redundant links and resilient rings

·         Secure Service Management – 802.3ah OAM IP-less management and provisioning
 

Ethernet Access over WDM Active Fiber

·         Future Proof – Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) enables multiple data streams per fiber link

·         Cost Effective –  Increase fiber access capacity and minimize installation of new fiber links

·         Scalability – Quickly implement new fiber access with off-the-shelf hardware
 

Ethernet over COAX

·         Cable uses a Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) network where coax is used for lower bandwidth sites while fiber is still used for large bandwidth sites.  Coax-fed and fiber-fed sites are integrated into a single network.

·         Cost Effective Alternative to Fiber – Up to 10 Meg with DOCSIS 3.0 implementation, scalable in 1 meg increments

·         Typical customer is regional business, multi-site, Internet-heavy

·         Alternative to legacy technologies ATM, frame relay, T1

·         Typical applications include branch office interconnectivity, dedicated Internet access, disaster recovery / business continuity, distance learning, PACS images, automatic teller machine (ATM), security cameras, point of sales (POS), and teleworker/remote employees
 

Ethernet over Bonded Copper

·         Copper Pairs are bonded to create a single Ethernet pipe, utilizing EFM Copper Bonding Standard

·         Leverages existing copper to fill fiber gap

·         Fast service turn-up deploying in just days or weeks

·         Requires minimal CapEx

·         High bandwidth and reliability with up to 10x more bandwidth than legacy copper solutions

·         Pair failover capability ensures fiber service level agreements are met or exceeded

 

Ethernet over PDH (T1/E1, DS3/E3)

·         Ubiquitous access – T1 and E1 circuits are universally available with no distance limitations and can be used where fiber is not available or required

·         Rapid service turn-up leveraging existing infrastructure

·         Flexible and resilient bonding – Service stays up even if one link breaks
 

Ethernet Access over PON (Passive Fiber)

·         PON simplifies coverage in business parks enabling quick new customer adds

·         OPEX savings and lowest first cost

·         Minimal outside plant maintenance

·         No power or permits needed

·         Remote ONT activation

·         Each ONT serves 4 UNI drops

·         Embedded Service Layering – E-LANs (MEF9), T1 & E1 backhaul ports, and IP-POTS ports
 

Ethernet over SONET/SDH

·         Rapid service turn-up leveraging existing equipment and fiber plant

·         Highly resilient and secure service

·         Flexible bandwidth options – OC-3/STM1 up to OC-192/STM64 physical and sub-rate and Nx OC/STM are available with VCAT bonding
 

NETWORK DIAGRAMS
 
   
Diagram 1: ADTRAN Ethernet over Copper   Diagram 2: ADVA Intelligent Carrier Ethernet Delivery    Diagram 3: Brocade Triple-Play and Business Services
         
   
Diagram 4: Juniper Networks Carrier Ethernet Solution   Diagram 5: RAD TDM and Ethernet Aggregation    Diagram 6: Telco Systems Ethernet Service Demarcation


 

© 2012 Walker and Associates